WHO SMART Guidelines

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Australia's International COVID-19 Vaccination Certificate using Visible Digital Seal Technology
The Australian International COVID-19 Vaccination Certificate (ICVC) meets the global standard specified by the ICAO and endorsed by the WHO. The certificate uses Visible Digital Seal (VDS) technology in the form of a QR code that is secure as a passport chip and can be digitally authenticated in the same way as a passport. The QR code can be read at borders globally and by travel apps such as the IATA Travel Pass that many airlines use.
COVID-19 Testing Strategies
DDCC guidance and communication materials for policy makers and program managers
(Vital Wave, )
DDCC Overview summarizes the key concepts and value of digital certificates and supports policy makers and program managers to make the case for sustainable investment in national digital certificate programs. Operational Guidance elaborates on technical and operational concepts contained in the DDCC Overview with detail on how to estimate costs and operationalize a national digital certificate program. The DDCC FAQ is a companion document to the DDCC communication materials, providing detailed answers to frequently asked questions.
Digital Documentation of COVID-19 Certificates legal framework assessment and decision-making framework
This deck covers insights on relevant frameworks for implementing a digital documentation of COVID certificates and a decision making framework. It establishes guidance for countries to be able to develop policies required to support the implementation of digital COVID-19 certificates in the absence of clearer and more specified policies under the IHR.
Digital implementation investment guide (DIIG): integrating digital interventions into health programmes
This Digital Implementation Investment Guide (DIIG) aims to help governments and technical partners plan a digital health implementation that focuses on one or more health programmes to support national health system goals. The Guide is designed to walk users of the document step-by-step through planning, costing and implementing digital health interventions within a digital health enterprise. This consists of selecting digital health interventions that are aligned with identified health needs, appropriate to a specific country context and integrated with existing technologies and the broader digital architecture. Users of the Guide will learn from diverse experiences deploying digital health technologies over the past decade and will be guided through a systematic approach to designing, costing and implementing meaningful digital health interventions that are part of a digital health enterprise.
Digital Infrastructure for Vaccination Open Credentialing (DIVOC) Architecture and Implementation
The Digital Infrastructure for Vaccination Open Credentialing or DIVOC is an open-source platform that enables countries to digitally orchestrate large-scale health campaigns such as vaccination and certification programs.
Digital Solutions for Reviving International Travel
McDonald, James
This presentation by World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) provides policy and technical recommendations to achieve globally interoperable solutions for COVID-19 digital certificates needed to revive international travel.
EU eHealth Network Guidelines on Digital COVID Certificates
A EU Digital COVID Certificate (EU DCC) is a digital proof that a person has been vaccinated against COVID-19, has recovered from COVID-19 or has a test result. Therefore, the EU Digital COVID Certificate refers collectively to 3 types of certificates: vaccination, recovery and test. The eHealth Network has published detailed technical specifications describing mechanisms for the interoperability of vaccination, test and recovery certificates (formats and trust management, the EU DCC gateway, 2D barcode, applications, public key certificate governance). In addition, detailed technical structure and value sets to be used in the contents of the EU Digital COVID Certificates are available. Reference implementations are available and have been published as open source. The technical specifications have been officially adopted as a Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/1073 of 28 June 2021, amended by the Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/2014 of 17 November 2021 and 2021/2301 of 21 December 2021. The eHealth Network has collaborated with EU agencies, the Health Security Committee, the World Health Organization and other institutions. Additional work is ongoing to further develop the EU Digital COVID Certificate system. Collaboration with third countries and international organisations is continuing with the goal of enabling international interoperability.
Generating Digital Certificates with District Health Information Software (DHIS2) Software
(DHIS2 Team, )
Several countries use DHIS2 data to produce secure digital certificates for COVID-19 vaccination or negative test results, through integration with external software applications and alignment with national, regional and global standards, including WHO guidelines. These documents provide a overview of the different facets of DHIS2 implementation.
ICAO COVID-19 Cross-border Risk Management
This guidance is intended for use by State regulators, service providers and other concerned entities, to address cross-border risk management in commercial air transport operations. The objective of the guidance is to inform States about public health risk management strategies, including those that could be applied to aviation personnel and passengers to reduce the probability of translocation (transfer) of the disease from one region to another. This document contains guidance for implementing a systematic process to identify risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigate those risks to an acceptable level as determined by each individual State. The final objective is to create a harmonized and cooperative effort to maintain global connectivity while ensuring public health security. Updates will be provided as new scientific evidence becomes available, with States being informed of updates through the publication of electronic bulletins. In the future, as more States begin to plan their route out of COVID restrictions, this updated manual offers clear guidance on how best to use public health mitigation measures, including testing and vaccination, to reduce travel restrictions and gradually return to restoring air connectivity in a safer way.
ICAO Visible Digital Seals (VDS-NC) for Travel Related Public Health Proofs
A key challenge presented by COVID-19 is the need for global consensus on new approaches for issuance, exchange and verification of various public health status records in some instances required to support cross-border mobility of people in a facilitative way, while still ensuring appropriate risk assessment related to public health. On the basis of the field-proven VDS-technology ICAO presents a solution which combines practicability, security and ease of verification re-using the existing e-passport trust model to address this challenge.
National COVID-19 Science Task Force (NCS-TF) Requirements and Scope of Digital Certificates
Bugnion, Edouard
The transition away from the global pandemic situation may lead to new public health approaches aimed at allowing a fast restart of the economic and social life while controlling the risk transmission of SARS-CoV-2. These may include the documentation of a recent negative RT-PCR test, the documented presence of neutralising antibodies, or of vaccination. Numerous international digital certification initiatives and standardization efforts are in the early phase of definition. The situation in Switzerland is characterised by an incomplete legal basis and a pragmatic approach towards digital records used for self-documentation. Furthermore, there is no strategy that defines the medical need for vaccination certificates, nor their legitimate uses for non-medical purposes. As a result there is a void in terms of their technical requirements, scope and social acceptability.
Pan-Canadian Vaccination Credentials Specifications
The Canadian PVC is designed to be a federal-facing, multi-jurisdictional program, which: ensures a common look and feel, including a Canada watermark, which adheres to the Smart Health Card standards; and is recognized and trusted by foreign states as being endorsed by Canada.
SMART Health Cards Implementation Guide
This implementation guide provides a framework for "Health Cards", with a short term goal to enable a consumer to receive COVID-19 Vaccination or Lab results and present these results to another party in a verifiable manner. Key use cases include conveying point-in-time infection status for return-to-workplace and travel. This approach should also support documentation of immunization status and other health details.
Understanding Total Cost of Ownership for Digital Health
Investors, government officials, and implementers can use this document to understand the totality of costs for a DHI over its first five years of implementation and operation and help estimate, validate, and socialize anticipated costs for their specific contexts. This Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Analysis aims to inform the behavior of governments and donors and guide investment strategies for digital health by highlighting how to make markets more efficient and equitable. The analyses included in this provide new tools and guidance for investors, government officials, and implementers looking to maximize the impact of their digital investments.
WHO DDCCG Security Review Report
(T-Systems International GmbH, )
The goal of this test is to identify vulnerabilities that an attacker can exploit to compromise systems or the data stored on them, to gain access to sensitive information, or to compromise their availability. The during the penetration, no significant vulnerabilities in the application were discovered. The behavior of the test object meets expectations and did not suggest any deviant behavior. From an overall perspective the application appears highly resilient and leverages proven technologies.

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