A virtual rat for simulating environmental and exertional heat stress.

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dc.contributor.authorRakesh, Vineet
dc.contributor.authorStallings, Jonathan D
dc.contributor.authorReifman, Jaques
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-07T13:32:49Z
dc.date.available2020-02-07T13:32:49Z
dc.date.issued2014-12-02
dc.description.abstractSevere cases of environmental or exertional heat stress can lead to varying degrees of organ dysfunction To understand heat injury progression and develop efficient management and mitigation strategies it is critical to determine the thermal response in susceptible organs under different heat stress conditions To this end we used our previously published virtual rat which is capable of computing the spatiotemporal temperature distribution in the animal and extended it to simulate various heat stress scenarios including 1 different environmental conditions 2 exertional heat stress 3 circadian rhythm effect on the thermal response and 4 whole body cooling Our predictions were consistent with published in vivo temperature measurements for all cases validating our simulations We observed a differential thermal response in the organs with the liver experiencing the highest temperatures for all environmental and exertional heat stress cases For every 3 C rise in the external temperature from 40 to 46 C core and organ temperatures increased by 0 8 C Core temperatures increased by 2 6 and 4 1 C for increases in exercise intensity from rest to 75 and 100 of maximal O2 consumption respectively We also found differences as large as 0 8 C in organ temperatures for the same heat stress induced at different times during the day Even after whole body cooling at a relatively low external temperature 1 C for 20 min average organ temperatures were still elevated by 2 3 to 2 5 C compared with normothermia These results can be used to optimize experimental protocol designs reduce the amount of animal experimentation and design and test improved heat stress prevention and management strategies
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00614.2014
dc.identifier.urihttps://lib.digitalsquare.io/xmlui/handle/123456789/14735
dc.relation.uriJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
dc.titleA virtual rat for simulating environmental and exertional heat stress.en
dcterms.abstractSevere cases of environmental or exertional heat stress can lead to varying degrees of organ dysfunction To understand heat injury progression and develop efficient management and mitigation strategies it is critical to determine the thermal response in susceptible organs under different heat stress conditions To this end we used our previously published virtual rat which is capable of computing the spatiotemporal temperature distribution in the animal and extended it to simulate various heat stress scenarios including 1 different environmental conditions 2 exertional heat stress 3 circadian rhythm effect on the thermal response and 4 whole body cooling Our predictions were consistent with published in vivo temperature measurements for all cases validating our simulations We observed a differential thermal response in the organs with the liver experiencing the highest temperatures for all environmental and exertional heat stress cases For every 3 C rise in the external temperature from 40 to 46 C core and organ temperatures increased by 0 8 C Core temperatures increased by 2 6 and 4 1 C for increases in exercise intensity from rest to 75 and 100 of maximal O2 consumption respectively We also found differences as large as 0 8 C in organ temperatures for the same heat stress induced at different times during the day Even after whole body cooling at a relatively low external temperature 1 C for 20 min average organ temperatures were still elevated by 2 3 to 2 5 C compared with normothermia These results can be used to optimize experimental protocol designs reduce the amount of animal experimentation and design and test improved heat stress prevention and management strategies
dcterms.contributorRakesh, Vineet
dcterms.contributorStallings, Jonathan D
dcterms.contributorReifman, Jaques
dcterms.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00614.2014
dcterms.relationJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
dcterms.titleA virtual rat for simulating environmental and exertional heat stress.en
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