Microfluidic CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte counters for point-of-care HIV diagnostics using whole blood.

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorWatkins, Nicholas N
dc.contributor.authorHassan, Umer
dc.contributor.authorDamhorst, Gregory
dc.contributor.authorNi, Hengkan
dc.contributor.authorVaid, Awais
dc.contributor.authorRodriguez, William
dc.contributor.authorBashir, Rashid
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-06T18:33:51Z
dc.date.available2020-02-06T18:33:51Z
dc.date.issued2013-12-05
dc.description.abstractRoughly 33 million people worldwide are infected with HIV disease burden is highest in resource limited settings One important diagnostic in HIV disease management is the absolute count of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 and CD8 receptors The current diagnostic instruments and procedures require expensive equipment and trained technicians In response we have developed microfluidic biochips that count CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in whole blood samples without the need for off chip sample preparation The device is based on differential electrical counting and relies on five on chip modules that in sequence chemically lyses erythrocytes quenches lysis to preserve leukocytes enumerates cells electrically depletes the target cells CD4 or CD8 with antibodies and enumerates the remaining cells electrically We demonstrate application of this chip using blood from healthy and HIV infected subjects Erythrocyte lysis and quenching durations were optimized to create pure leukocyte populations in less than 1 min Target cell depletion was accomplished through shear stress based immunocapture using antibody coated microposts to increase the contact surface area and enhance depletion efficiency With the differential electrical counting method device based CD4 and CD8 T cell counts closely matched control counts obtained from flow cytometry over a dynamic range of 40 to 1000 cells l By providing accurate cell counts in less than 20 min from samples obtained from one drop of whole blood this approach has the potential to be realized as a handheld battery powered instrument that would deliver simple HIV diagnostics to patients anywhere in the world regardless of geography or socioeconomic status
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3006870
dc.identifier.urihttps://lib.digitalsquare.io/xmlui/handle/123456789/6596
dc.relation.uriScience translational medicine
dc.subjectBeneficiary age range
dc.subjectNewborn
dc.subjectInfant
dc.subjectChild
dc.subjectYoung people (10-24 years)
dc.subjectAdult
dc.subjectSenior
dc.subjectSpecial population
dc.subjectAt risk for a particular disease or infection
dc.subjectChildren Under 5 years
dc.subjectIncarcerated
dc.subjectDisabled
dc.subjectDrug users
dc.subjectFamily as a unit
dc.subjectImmigrant and refugee
dc.subjectLesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender
dc.subjectMen (only)
dc.subjectVulnerable children
dc.subjectParents
dc.subjectRacial and ethnic minorities
dc.subjectRural populations
dc.subjectStudent populations
dc.subjectUrban populations
dc.subjectWorkforce
dc.subjectWomen (only)
dc.subjectTarget user
dc.subjectClient
dc.subjectSocial support network
dc.subjectFacility-based health worker
dc.subjectCommunity-based health worker
dc.subjectManager
dc.subjectHealth system constraint
dc.subjectInformation
dc.subjectLack of population enumeration
dc.subjectDelayed reporting of events
dc.subjectQuality/unreliability of data
dc.subjectCommunication roadblocks
dc.subjectAccess to information or data
dc.subjectAvailability
dc.subjectSupply of commodities
dc.subjectSupply of services
dc.subjectSupply of equipment
dc.subjectDiversity of treatment options
dc.subjectQuality
dc.subjectQuality of care
dc.subjectHealth worker competence
dc.subjectQuality of commodities
dc.subjectHealth worker motivation
dc.subjectContinuity of care
dc.subjectSupportive supervision
dc.subjectAcceptability
dc.subjectAlignment with local norms
dc.subjectAddressing individual beliefs and practices
dc.subjectStigma
dc.subjectUtilization
dc.subjectDemand for services
dc.subjectGeographic inaccessibility
dc.subjectLow adherence to treatments
dc.subjectLoss to follow up
dc.subjectEfficiency
dc.subjectWorkflow management
dc.subjectEffective resource allocation
dc.subjectUnnecessary referrals and transportation
dc.subjectPlanning and coordination
dc.subjectTimeliness of care
dc.subjectCost
dc.subjectExpenses related to commodity production
dc.subjectExpenses related to commodity supply
dc.subjectExpenses related to commodity disbursement
dc.subjectExpenses related to service delivery
dc.subjectClient-side expenses
dc.subjectStage of development of the strategy
dc.subjectPre-prototype
dc.subjectPrototype
dc.subjectPilot
dc.subjectLimited demonstration
dc.subjectScaled program
dc.subjectEvaluation
dc.subjectEvaluation intent
dc.subjectFeasibility
dc.subjectFunctionality
dc.subjectUsability
dc.subjectEfficacy
dc.subjectEffectiveness
dc.subjectOptimization
dc.subjectEvaluation design
dc.subjectNon Experimental
dc.subjectPopulation based
dc.subjectIndividual based
dc.subjectExperimental
dc.subjectRandomized
dc.subjectNon-randomized
dc.subjectHealth domain
dc.subjectFamily planning and reproductive health
dc.subjectSafe sex
dc.subjectContraception
dc.subjectSafe abortion care
dc.subjectBirth spacing
dc.subjectInfertility
dc.subjectFemale genital mutilation
dc.subjectMaternal health
dc.subjectPregnancy
dc.subjectAntenatal care
dc.subjectPregnancy complications
dc.subjectDanger signs
dc.subjectEmergency preparedness
dc.subjectLabor
dc.subjectBirth planning
dc.subjectPostpartum care
dc.subjectBreastfeeding
dc.subjectChild Health
dc.subjectGrowth and development
dc.subjectChild abuse
dc.subjectInfant nutrition
dc.subjectVaccines
dc.subjectNewborn care
dc.subjectPMTCT
dc.subjectMalformations/birth defects
dc.subjectInfectious, parasitic and vector-borne disease
dc.subjectTuberculosis
dc.subjectSTIs, excluding HIV
dc.subjectHIV/AIDS
dc.subjectDiarrheal disease
dc.subjectHepatitis
dc.subjectMalaria
dc.subjectParastic Infections
dc.subjectVector-Borne
dc.subjectRespiratory tract infections (URI, LRI, OM)
dc.subjectNon-communicable diseases
dc.subjectCancer
dc.subjectDiabetes
dc.subjectCardiovascular disease
dc.subjectAsthma
dc.subjectTobacco Use
dc.subjectAlcohol use
dc.subjectOral health
dc.subjectNutrition
dc.subjectMalnutrition
dc.subjectProtein energy malnutrition
dc.subjectMicronutrient deficiency
dc.subjectObesity
dc.subjectMental health
dc.subjectViolence
dc.subjectViolence against women (inc. Rape)
dc.subjectIntimate partner violence (IPV)
dc.subjectFamilial violence (non-IPV)
dc.subjectCommunity violence
dc.subjectUnintentional injury
dc.subjectRoad traffic injuries
dc.subjectPoisonings
dc.subjectFalls
dc.subjectBurns
dc.subjectDrowning
dc.subjectInjuries
dc.subjectCare model
dc.subjectPreventive
dc.subjectShort-term
dc.subjectAcute or emergency
dc.subjectChronic care
dc.subjectLong term institutionalized care
dc.subjectmHealth application
dc.subjectSocial and behavior change communication
dc.subjectHealth education or promotion
dc.subjectHotlines and information services
dc.subjectAppointment reminders
dc.subjectTreatment adherence
dc.subjectMass messaging campaigns
dc.subjectWorkforce development and performance support
dc.subjectProvider training and education
dc.subjectProvider work planning and scheduling
dc.subjectHuman resource management
dc.subjectConstituent feedback on service quality
dc.subjectService delivery
dc.subjectElectronic decision support
dc.subjectProvider-to-provider communication
dc.subjectRemote client-to-provider consultations (Telemedicine)
dc.subjectDisease prevention
dc.subjectDisease diagnosis / Point-of-care diagnostics
dc.subjectDisease management
dc.subjectReferrals
dc.subjectInformation systems
dc.subjectData collection and reporting
dc.subjectService delivery statistics
dc.subjectHousehold surveys
dc.subjectSurveillance
dc.subjectElectronic health records
dc.subjectRegistries/vital events tracking
dc.subjectFinancial transactions and incentives
dc.subjectPayment for services
dc.subjectConditional cash transfers
dc.subjectSavings accounts
dc.subjectInsurance
dc.subjectPerformance-based incentives
dc.subjectSupply management
dc.subjectCold chain management
dc.subjectStock out prevention
dc.subjectCounterfeit prevention
dc.subjectMaintenance of equipment
dc.subjectCommodity tracking / replenishment
dc.subjectTechnology
dc.subjectTechnology Channel
dc.subjectVoice
dc.subjectSMS
dc.subjectMMS
dc.subjectUSSD
dc.subjectInternet
dc.subjectBluetooth
dc.subjectRF/NFC
dc.subjectTechnology Content format
dc.subjectText
dc.subjectImage
dc.subjectAudio
dc.subjectVideo
dc.subjectRaw data
dc.subjectTechnology Hardware
dc.subjectCamera
dc.subjectGPS
dc.subjectAccelerometers / Motion sensors
dc.subjectPhysiologic Biosensors
dc.subjectBiometric identifiers
dc.subjectSIM
dc.subjectMemory Card (eg. MicroSD)
dc.subjectTechnology Functions
dc.subjectDigital form
dc.subjectDigital protocol
dc.subjectDecision support algorithm
dc.subjectElectronic checklists
dc.subjectElectronic case lists
dc.subjectMobile phone calendar
dc.subjectChat / Discussion Community
dc.subjectInstalled application
dc.subjectClosed User Group
dc.subjectIVR
dc.titleMicrofluidic CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte counters for point-of-care HIV diagnostics using whole blood.en
dcterms.abstractRoughly 33 million people worldwide are infected with HIV disease burden is highest in resource limited settings One important diagnostic in HIV disease management is the absolute count of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 and CD8 receptors The current diagnostic instruments and procedures require expensive equipment and trained technicians In response we have developed microfluidic biochips that count CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in whole blood samples without the need for off chip sample preparation The device is based on differential electrical counting and relies on five on chip modules that in sequence chemically lyses erythrocytes quenches lysis to preserve leukocytes enumerates cells electrically depletes the target cells CD4 or CD8 with antibodies and enumerates the remaining cells electrically We demonstrate application of this chip using blood from healthy and HIV infected subjects Erythrocyte lysis and quenching durations were optimized to create pure leukocyte populations in less than 1 min Target cell depletion was accomplished through shear stress based immunocapture using antibody coated microposts to increase the contact surface area and enhance depletion efficiency With the differential electrical counting method device based CD4 and CD8 T cell counts closely matched control counts obtained from flow cytometry over a dynamic range of 40 to 1000 cells l By providing accurate cell counts in less than 20 min from samples obtained from one drop of whole blood this approach has the potential to be realized as a handheld battery powered instrument that would deliver simple HIV diagnostics to patients anywhere in the world regardless of geography or socioeconomic status
dcterms.contributorWatkins, Nicholas N
dcterms.contributorHassan, Umer
dcterms.contributorDamhorst, Gregory
dcterms.contributorNi, Hengkan
dcterms.contributorVaid, Awais
dcterms.contributorRodriguez, William
dcterms.contributorBashir, Rashid
dcterms.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3006870
dcterms.relationScience translational medicine
dcterms.subjectBeneficiary age range
dcterms.subjectNewborn
dcterms.subjectInfant
dcterms.subjectChild
dcterms.subjectYoung people (10-24 years)
dcterms.subjectAdult
dcterms.subjectSenior
dcterms.subjectSpecial population
dcterms.subjectAt risk for a particular disease or infection
dcterms.subjectChildren Under 5 years
dcterms.subjectIncarcerated
dcterms.subjectDisabled
dcterms.subjectDrug users
dcterms.subjectFamily as a unit
dcterms.subjectImmigrant and refugee
dcterms.subjectLesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender
dcterms.subjectMen (only)
dcterms.subjectVulnerable children
dcterms.subjectParents
dcterms.subjectRacial and ethnic minorities
dcterms.subjectRural populations
dcterms.subjectStudent populations
dcterms.subjectUrban populations
dcterms.subjectWorkforce
dcterms.subjectWomen (only)
dcterms.subjectTarget user
dcterms.subjectClient
dcterms.subjectSocial support network
dcterms.subjectFacility-based health worker
dcterms.subjectCommunity-based health worker
dcterms.subjectManager
dcterms.subjectHealth system constraint
dcterms.subjectInformation
dcterms.subjectLack of population enumeration
dcterms.subjectDelayed reporting of events
dcterms.subjectQuality/unreliability of data
dcterms.subjectCommunication roadblocks
dcterms.subjectAccess to information or data
dcterms.subjectAvailability
dcterms.subjectSupply of commodities
dcterms.subjectSupply of services
dcterms.subjectSupply of equipment
dcterms.subjectDiversity of treatment options
dcterms.subjectQuality
dcterms.subjectQuality of care
dcterms.subjectHealth worker competence
dcterms.subjectQuality of commodities
dcterms.subjectHealth worker motivation
dcterms.subjectContinuity of care
dcterms.subjectSupportive supervision
dcterms.subjectAcceptability
dcterms.subjectAlignment with local norms
dcterms.subjectAddressing individual beliefs and practices
dcterms.subjectStigma
dcterms.subjectUtilization
dcterms.subjectDemand for services
dcterms.subjectGeographic inaccessibility
dcterms.subjectLow adherence to treatments
dcterms.subjectLoss to follow up
dcterms.subjectEfficiency
dcterms.subjectWorkflow management
dcterms.subjectEffective resource allocation
dcterms.subjectUnnecessary referrals and transportation
dcterms.subjectPlanning and coordination
dcterms.subjectTimeliness of care
dcterms.subjectCost
dcterms.subjectExpenses related to commodity production
dcterms.subjectExpenses related to commodity supply
dcterms.subjectExpenses related to commodity disbursement
dcterms.subjectExpenses related to service delivery
dcterms.subjectClient-side expenses
dcterms.subjectStage of development of the strategy
dcterms.subjectPre-prototype
dcterms.subjectPrototype
dcterms.subjectPilot
dcterms.subjectLimited demonstration
dcterms.subjectScaled program
dcterms.subjectEvaluation
dcterms.subjectEvaluation intent
dcterms.subjectFeasibility
dcterms.subjectFunctionality
dcterms.subjectUsability
dcterms.subjectEfficacy
dcterms.subjectEffectiveness
dcterms.subjectOptimization
dcterms.subjectEvaluation design
dcterms.subjectNon Experimental
dcterms.subjectPopulation based
dcterms.subjectIndividual based
dcterms.subjectExperimental
dcterms.subjectRandomized
dcterms.subjectNon-randomized
dcterms.subjectHealth domain
dcterms.subjectFamily planning and reproductive health
dcterms.subjectSafe sex
dcterms.subjectContraception
dcterms.subjectSafe abortion care
dcterms.subjectBirth spacing
dcterms.subjectInfertility
dcterms.subjectFemale genital mutilation
dcterms.subjectMaternal health
dcterms.subjectPregnancy
dcterms.subjectAntenatal care
dcterms.subjectPregnancy complications
dcterms.subjectDanger signs
dcterms.subjectEmergency preparedness
dcterms.subjectLabor
dcterms.subjectBirth planning
dcterms.subjectPostpartum care
dcterms.subjectBreastfeeding
dcterms.subjectChild Health
dcterms.subjectGrowth and development
dcterms.subjectChild abuse
dcterms.subjectInfant nutrition
dcterms.subjectVaccines
dcterms.subjectNewborn care
dcterms.subjectPMTCT
dcterms.subjectMalformations/birth defects
dcterms.subjectInfectious, parasitic and vector-borne disease
dcterms.subjectTuberculosis
dcterms.subjectSTIs, excluding HIV
dcterms.subjectHIV/AIDS
dcterms.subjectDiarrheal disease
dcterms.subjectHepatitis
dcterms.subjectMalaria
dcterms.subjectParastic Infections
dcterms.subjectVector-Borne
dcterms.subjectRespiratory tract infections (URI, LRI, OM)
dcterms.subjectNon-communicable diseases
dcterms.subjectCancer
dcterms.subjectDiabetes
dcterms.subjectCardiovascular disease
dcterms.subjectAsthma
dcterms.subjectTobacco Use
dcterms.subjectAlcohol use
dcterms.subjectOral health
dcterms.subjectNutrition
dcterms.subjectMalnutrition
dcterms.subjectProtein energy malnutrition
dcterms.subjectMicronutrient deficiency
dcterms.subjectObesity
dcterms.subjectMental health
dcterms.subjectViolence
dcterms.subjectViolence against women (inc. Rape)
dcterms.subjectIntimate partner violence (IPV)
dcterms.subjectFamilial violence (non-IPV)
dcterms.subjectCommunity violence
dcterms.subjectUnintentional injury
dcterms.subjectRoad traffic injuries
dcterms.subjectPoisonings
dcterms.subjectFalls
dcterms.subjectBurns
dcterms.subjectDrowning
dcterms.subjectInjuries
dcterms.subjectCare model
dcterms.subjectPreventive
dcterms.subjectShort-term
dcterms.subjectAcute or emergency
dcterms.subjectChronic care
dcterms.subjectLong term institutionalized care
dcterms.subjectmHealth application
dcterms.subjectSocial and behavior change communication
dcterms.subjectHealth education or promotion
dcterms.subjectHotlines and information services
dcterms.subjectAppointment reminders
dcterms.subjectTreatment adherence
dcterms.subjectMass messaging campaigns
dcterms.subjectWorkforce development and performance support
dcterms.subjectProvider training and education
dcterms.subjectProvider work planning and scheduling
dcterms.subjectHuman resource management
dcterms.subjectConstituent feedback on service quality
dcterms.subjectService delivery
dcterms.subjectElectronic decision support
dcterms.subjectProvider-to-provider communication
dcterms.subjectRemote client-to-provider consultations (Telemedicine)
dcterms.subjectDisease prevention
dcterms.subjectDisease diagnosis / Point-of-care diagnostics
dcterms.subjectDisease management
dcterms.subjectReferrals
dcterms.subjectInformation systems
dcterms.subjectData collection and reporting
dcterms.subjectService delivery statistics
dcterms.subjectHousehold surveys
dcterms.subjectSurveillance
dcterms.subjectElectronic health records
dcterms.subjectRegistries/vital events tracking
dcterms.subjectFinancial transactions and incentives
dcterms.subjectPayment for services
dcterms.subjectConditional cash transfers
dcterms.subjectSavings accounts
dcterms.subjectInsurance
dcterms.subjectPerformance-based incentives
dcterms.subjectSupply management
dcterms.subjectCold chain management
dcterms.subjectStock out prevention
dcterms.subjectCounterfeit prevention
dcterms.subjectMaintenance of equipment
dcterms.subjectCommodity tracking / replenishment
dcterms.subjectTechnology
dcterms.subjectTechnology Channel
dcterms.subjectVoice
dcterms.subjectSMS
dcterms.subjectMMS
dcterms.subjectUSSD
dcterms.subjectInternet
dcterms.subjectBluetooth
dcterms.subjectRF/NFC
dcterms.subjectTechnology Content format
dcterms.subjectText
dcterms.subjectImage
dcterms.subjectAudio
dcterms.subjectVideo
dcterms.subjectRaw data
dcterms.subjectTechnology Hardware
dcterms.subjectCamera
dcterms.subjectGPS
dcterms.subjectAccelerometers / Motion sensors
dcterms.subjectPhysiologic Biosensors
dcterms.subjectBiometric identifiers
dcterms.subjectSIM
dcterms.subjectMemory Card (eg. MicroSD)
dcterms.subjectTechnology Functions
dcterms.subjectDigital form
dcterms.subjectDigital protocol
dcterms.subjectDecision support algorithm
dcterms.subjectElectronic checklists
dcterms.subjectElectronic case lists
dcterms.subjectMobile phone calendar
dcterms.subjectChat / Discussion Community
dcterms.subjectInstalled application
dcterms.subjectClosed User Group
dcterms.subjectIVR
dcterms.titleMicrofluidic CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte counters for point-of-care HIV diagnostics using whole blood.en
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