Browsing by Author "Wiart, Joe"
Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- ItemAnalysis of the influence of handset phone position on RF exposure of brain tissue.(2014-11-04) Ghanmi, Amal; Varsier, Nadège; Hadjem, Abdelhamid; Conil, Emmanuelle; Picon, Odile; Wiart, JoeExposure to mobile phone radio frequency RF electromagnetic fields depends on many different parameters For epidemiological studies investigating the risk of brain cancer linked to RF exposure from mobile phones it is of great interest to characterize brain tissue exposure and to know which parameters this exposure is sensitive to One such parameter is the position of the phone during communication In this article we analyze the influence of the phone position on the brain exposure by comparing the specific absorption rate SAR induced in the head by two different mobile phone models operating in Global System for Mobile Communications GSM frequency bands To achieve this objective 80 different phone positions were chosen using an experiment based on the Latin hypercube sampling LHS to select a representative set of positions The averaged SAR over 10 g SAR10 g in the head the averaged SAR over 1 g SAR1 g in the brain and the averaged SAR in different anatomical brain structures were estimated at 900 and 1800 MHz for the 80 positions The results illustrate that SAR distributions inside the brain area are sensitive to the position of the mobile phone relative to the head The results also show that for 5 10 of the studied positions the SAR10 g in the head and the SAR1 g in the brain can be 20 higher than the SAR estimated for the standard cheek position and that the Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin SAM model is conservative for 95 of all the studied positions
- ItemAnalysis of three-dimensional SAR distributions emitted by mobile phones in an epidemiological perspective.(2011-11-01) Deltour, Isabelle; Wiart, Joe; Taki, Masao; Wake, Kanako; Varsier, Nadège; Mann, Simon; Schüz, Joachim; Cardis, ElisabethThe three dimensional distribution of the specific absorption rate of energy SAR in phantom models was analysed to detect clusters of mobile phones producing similar spatial deposition of energy in the head The clusters characteristics were described from the phones external features frequency band and communication protocol Compliance measurements with phones in cheek and tilt positions and on the left and right side of a physical phantom were used Phones used the Personal Digital Cellular PDC Code division multiple access One CdmaOne Global System for Mobile Communications GSM and Nordic Mobile Telephony NMT communication systems in the 800 900 1500 and 1800 MHz bands Each phone s measurements were summarised by the half ellipsoid in which the SAR values were above half the maximum value Cluster analysis used the Partitioning Around Medoids algorithm The dissimilarity measure was based on the overlap of the ellipsoids and the Manhattan distance was used for robustness analysis Within the 800 MHz frequency band and in part within the 900 MHz and the 1800 MHz frequency bands weak clustering was obtained for the handset shape bar phone flip with top and flip with central antennas but only in specific positions tilt or cheek On measurements of 120 phones the three dimensional distribution of SAR in phantom models did not appear to be related to particular external phone characteristics or measurement characteristics which could be used for refining the assessment of exposure to radiofrequency energy within the brain in epidemiological studies such as the Interphone
- ItemClinical testing of cellular phone ringing interference with automated external defibrillators.(2006-11-29) Trigano, Alexandre; Blandeau, Olivier; Dale, Christian; Wong, Man-Faï; Wiart, JoeThis study examined cellular phone ringing interference with automated external defibrillators AED
- ItemComparison of temporal realistic telecommunication base station exposure with worst-case estimation in two countries.(2013-11-22) Mahfouz, Zaher; Verloock, Leen; Joseph, Wout; Tanghe, Emmeric; Gati, Azeddine; Wiart, Joe; Lautru, David; Hanna, Victor Fouad; Martens, LucThe influence of temporal daily exposure to global system for mobile communications GSM and universal mobile telecommunications systems and high speed downlink packet access UMTS HSDPA is investigated using spectrum analyser measurements in two countries France and Belgium Temporal variations and traffic distributions are investigated Three different methods to estimate maximal electric field exposure are compared The maximal realistic 99 and the maximal theoretical extrapolation factor used to extrapolate the measured broadcast control channel BCCH for GSM and the common pilot channel CPICH for UMTS are presented and compared for the first time in the two countries Similar conclusions are found in the two countries for both urban and rural areas worst case exposure assessment overestimates realistic maximal exposure up to 5 7 dB for the considered example In France the values are the highest because of the higher population density The results for the maximal realistic extrapolation factor at the weekdays are similar to those from weekend days
- ItemThe estimation of 3D SAR distributions in the human head from mobile phone compliance testing data for epidemiological studies.(2009-09-23) Wake, Kanako; Varsier, Nadège; Watanabe, Soichi; Taki, Masao; Wiart, Joe; Mann, Simon; Deltour, Isabelle; Cardis, ElisabethA worldwide epidemiological study called INTERPHONE has been conducted to estimate the hypothetical relationship between brain tumors and mobile phone use In this study we proposed a method to estimate 3D distribution of the specific absorption rate SAR in the human head due to mobile phone use to provide the exposure gradient for epidemiological studies 3D SAR distributions due to exposure to an electromagnetic field from mobile phones are estimated from mobile phone compliance testing data for actual devices The data for compliance testing are measured only on the surface in the region near the device and in a small 3D region around the maximum on the surface in a homogeneous phantom with a specific shape The method includes an interpolation extrapolation and a head shape conversion With the interpolation extrapolation SAR distributions in the whole head are estimated from the limited measured data 3D SAR distributions in the numerical head models where the tumor location is identified in the epidemiological studies are obtained from measured SAR data with the head shape conversion by projection Validation of the proposed method was performed experimentally and numerically It was confirmed that the proposed method provided good estimation of 3D SAR distribution in the head especially in the brain which is the tissue of major interest in epidemiological studies We conclude that it is possible to estimate 3D SAR distributions in a realistic head model from the data obtained by compliance testing measurements to provide a measure for the exposure gradient in specific locations of the brain for the purpose of exposure assessment in epidemiological studies The proposed method has been used in several studies in the INTERPHONE
- ItemFeasibility of future epidemiological studies on possible health effects of mobile phone base stations.(2007-03-20) Neubauer, Georg; Feychting, Maria; Hamnerius, Yngve; Kheifets, Leeka; Kuster, Niels; Ruiz, Ignacio; Schüz, Joachim; Uberbacher, Richard; Wiart, Joe; Röösli, MartinThe increasing deployment of mobile communication base stations led to an increasing demand for epidemiological studies on possible health effects of radio frequency emissions The methodological challenges of such studies have been critically evaluated by a panel of scientists in the fields of radiofrequency engineering dosimetry and epidemiology Strengths and weaknesses of previous studies have been identified Dosimetric concepts and crucial aspects in exposure assessment were evaluated in terms of epidemiological studies on different types of outcomes We conclude that in principle base station epidemiological studies are feasible However the exposure contributions from all relevant radio frequency sources have to be taken into account The applied exposure assessment method should be piloted and validated Short to medium term effects on physiology or health related quality of life are best investigated by cohort studies For long term effects groups with a potential for high exposure need to first be identified for immediate effect human laboratory studies are the preferred approach
- ItemThe INTERPHONE study: design, epidemiological methods, and description of the study population.(2007-09-12) Cardis, Elisabeth; Richardson, Lesley; Deltour, Isabelle; Armstrong, Bruce; Feychting, Maria; Johansen, Christoffer; Kilkenny, Monique; McKinney, Patricia; Modan, Baruch; Sadetzki, Siegal; Schüz, Joachim; Swerdlow, Anthony; Vrijheid, Martine; Auvinen, Anssi; Berg, Gabriele; Blettner, Maria; Bowman, Joseph; Brown, Julianne; Chetrit, Angela; Christensen, Helle Collatz; Cook, Angus; Hepworth, Sarah; Giles, Graham; Hours, Martine; Iavarone, Ivano; Jarus-Hakak, Avital; Klaeboe, Lars; Krewski, Daniel; Lagorio, Susanna; Lönn, Stefan; Mann, Simon; McBride, Mary; Muir, Kenneth; Nadon, Louise; Parent, Marie-Elise; Pearce, Neil; Salminen, Tiina; Schoemaker, Minouk; Schlehofer, Brigitte; Siemiatycki, Jack; Taki, Masao; Takebayashi, Toru; Tynes, Tore; van Tongeren, Martie; Vecchia, Paolo; Wiart, Joe; Woodward, Alistair; Yamaguchi, NaohitoThe very rapid worldwide increase in mobile phone use in the last decade has generated considerable interest in the possible health effects of exposure to radio frequency RF fields A multinational case control study INTERPHONE was set up to investigate whether mobile phone use increases the risk of cancer and more specifically whether the RF fields emitted by mobile phones are carcinogenic The study focused on tumours arising in the tissues most exposed to RF fields from mobile phones glioma meningioma acoustic neurinoma and parotid gland tumours In addition to a detailed history of mobile phone use information was collected on a number of known and potential risk factors for these tumours The study was conducted in 13 countries Australia Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Israel Italy Japan New Zealand Norway Sweden and the UK using a common core protocol This paper describes the study design and methods and the main characteristics of the study population INTERPHONE is the largest case control study to date investigating risks related to mobile phone use and to other potential risk factors for the tumours of interest and includes 2 765 glioma 2 425 meningioma 1 121 acoustic neurinoma 109 malignant parotid gland tumour cases and 7 658 controls Particular attention was paid to estimating the amount and direction of potential recall and participation biases and their impact on the study results
- ItemReliability of electromagnetic filters of cardiac pacemakers tested by cellular telephone ringing.(2005-07-29) Trigano, Alexandre; Blandeau, Olivier; Dale, Christian; Wong, Man-Faï; Wiart, JoeBACKGROUND State of the art cardiac pacemakers are protected against radiofrequency signals Although there have been earlier clinical and in vitro reports of cellular phone interference with implantable devices only a few studies have been performed in recent years The ringing phase of digital GSM or PCS cellular phones includes a brief period of peak radiated power OBJECTIVES This study tested the protection offered by electromagnetic filters of cardiac pacemakers against cellular phone ringing METHODS We performed 330 consecutive tests in 158 patients at the time of routine examination in our pacemaker follow up clinic The programmed parameters remained unchanged before testing During electrocardiographic monitoring 2 single band digital cellular phones consecutively placed over the pacemaker pocket each received a call The phone systems tested were 1 GSM at a maximal power output of 2 W operating on a 900 MHz carrier frequency and 2 PCS at a maximal output of 1 W operating on a 1800 MHz carrier frequency RESULTS Interference was noted in only 5 tests due to interaction by the GSM system with 4 unprotected pacemaker models The GSM test was negative in 12 other tests of identical pulse generator models The overall incidence of interference was 1 5 of tests CONCLUSIONS Interference by cellular phone ringing occurred only with unprotected pacemaker models Standard programming of these unprotected models was associated with a low incidence of interference
- ItemRisk of cellular phone interference with an implantable loop recorder.(2007-02-16) Trigano, Alexandre; Blandeau, Olivier; Dale, Christian; Wong, Man-Faï; Wiart, JoeThis study examined the risk of cellular phone ringing interference with implantable loop recorders ILR The technical manual of ILR warns of potential interference by cellular phone in close proximity to the implanted device corrupting the data stored in memory or causing inappropriate device operation The ringing phase of a digital Global System for Mobile Communication GSM or Personal Communication Services PCS cellular phone includes a brief burst of peak emitted power To obviate the risk of dysfunction in recipients of implanted ILRs the testing was performed with externally applied devices The ILR was positioned in the left parasternal region and the telemetry wand removed after regular programming Digital cellular telephones were placed over the device at a 1 cm distance and calls were placed The phone systems tested were single or dual band receivers The GSM used a maximal power output of 2 W operating on a 900 MHz carrier frequency and the PCS a maximal output of 1 W operating on a 1800 MHz carrier frequency The device activator was used to store the episodes encompassing the tests Sixty nine tests were performed in 45 patients In 61 tests high frequency polymorphic artifacts were visible on manually activated recordings beginning a few seconds before the first audible ringing tone and persisting throughout the ringing phase Cellular phone ringing in close proximity to an externally applied ILR caused bursts of high frequency signals during electrocardiogram monitoring without causing permanent device dysfunction or reprogramming Cellular telephones are a potential source of electrocardiographic artifacts on ILR recordings