Browsing by Author "Sallis, James F"
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- ItemAn adaptive physical activity intervention for overweight adults: a randomized controlled trial.(2013-12-18) Adams, Marc A; Sallis, James F; Norman, Gregory J; Hovell, Melbourne F; Hekler, Eric B; Perata, ElyseBACKGROUND Physical activity PA interventions typically include components or doses that are static across participants Adaptive interventions are dynamic components or doses change in response to short term variations in participant s performance Emerging theory and technologies make adaptive goal setting and feedback interventions feasible OBJECTIVE To test an adaptive intervention for PA based on Operant and Behavior Economic principles and a percentile based algorithm The adaptive intervention was hypothesized to result in greater increases in steps per day than the static intervention METHODS Participants N 20 were randomized to one of two 6 month treatments 1 static intervention SI or 2 adaptive intervention AI Inactive overweight adults 85 women M 36 9 9 2 years 35 non white in both groups received a pedometer email and text message communication brief health information and biweekly motivational prompts The AI group received daily step goals that adjusted up and down based on the percentile rank algorithm and micro incentives for goal attainment This algorithm adjusted goals based on a moving window an approach that responded to each individual s performance and ensured goals were always challenging but within participants abilities The SI group received a static 10 000 steps day goal with incentives linked to uploading the pedometer s data RESULTS A random effects repeated measures model accounted for 180 repeated measures and autocorrelation After adjusting for covariates the treatment phase showed greater steps day relative to the baseline phase pUnder 001 and a group by study phase interaction was observed p 017 The SI group increased by 1 598 steps day on average between baseline and treatment while the AI group increased by 2 728 steps day on average between baseline and treatment a significant between group difference of 1 130 steps day Cohen s d 74 CONCLUSIONS The adaptive intervention outperformed the static intervention for increasing PA The adaptive goal and feedback algorithm is a behavior change technology that could be incorporated into mHealth technologies and scaled to reach large populations TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials gov NCT01793064
- ItemOutcomes of a 12-month technology-based intervention to promote weight loss in adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes.(2013-06-13) Patrick, Kevin; Norman, Gregory J; Davila, Evelyn P; Calfas, Karen J; Raab, Fred; Gottschalk, Michael; Sallis, James F; Godbole, Suni; Covin, Jennifer RBACKGROUND Obese adolescents are at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus T2DM Obesity interventions delivered through media such as the web and text messages short message service SMS may be beneficial when targeting obese adolescents METHODS A randomized controlled trial Pace Internet for Diabetes Prevention Intervention PACEi DP compared three forms of an obesity intervention to usual care UC a website only W b website monthly group sessions and follow up calls WG and c website and SMS WSMS Participants were overweight or obese adolescents at risk for T2DM n 101 age 12 16 years mean body mass index BMI percentile 97 6 74 3 Hispanic In addition to the website WSMS participants received SMS supporting intervention goals and behavioral strategies and communicated via SMS with a case manager WG participants had additional group activities related to weight loss and received follow up calls from a health coach UC participants were given printed materials and encouraged to attend three initial group sessions Repeated measures mixed model regression analyses tested treatment effects for anthropometric behavioral and behavioral change strategy outcomes RESULTS There were no treatment effects for BMI adiposity physical activity or diet at 12 months Treatment effects were observed for sedentary behavior with the W arm having a greater decrease in sedentary behavior 4 9 to 2 8 h day than the UC arm p 006 CONCLUSION Although not sufficient to produce weight loss the combination of web intervention and group sessions with telephone follow up yielded improvements in sedentary behavior and in the use of behavior change strategies expected to lead to behavior change
- ItemText4Diet: a randomized controlled study using text messaging for weight loss behaviors.(2012-11-05) Shapiro, Jennifer R; Koro, Tina; Doran, Neal; Thompson, Sheri; Sallis, James F; Calfas, Karen; Patrick, KevinOBJECTIVE Text messaging shows promise as a health intervention This randomized controlled trial evaluated a daily text messaging weight loss intervention METHODS Overweight and obese adults n 170 in California were randomized to receive daily interactive and personally weight relevant text messages or monthly e newsletters Participants were measured at baseline 6 and 12 months Group differences were assessed in weight loss Relation of text messaging adherence to weight loss and change in pedometer steps was examined RESULTS There were no group differences in weight loss over 6 1 53 lb vs 3 72 lb or 12 months 2 27 lb vs 3 64 lb control vs intervention Text messaging adherence was moderately strong 60 69 Participants with greater adherence lost more weight at 6 p 039 and 12 months p 023 than those who were less adherent Intervention participants steps increased almost 3000 steps day over time pUnder 05 and higher step counts were associated with greater weight loss pUnder 05 Text messaging satisfaction was moderate to high and pedometer related satisfaction was associated with greater weight loss pUnder 05 CONCLUSIONS Although text messaging had no effect on weight adherence was associated with improvement in weight related behaviors and weight outcomes Text messages could be a useful adjunct to weight loss treatments
- ItemWeb-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Latina Adolescents: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Potential Efficacy of the Niñas Saludables Study.(0000-00-00) Larsen, Britta; Benitez, Tanya; Cano, Mayra; Dunsiger, Shira S; Marcus, Bess H; Mendoza-Vasconez, Andrea; Sallis, James F; Zive, MichelleBACKGROUND Physical activity is markedly low in Latina adolescents yet few physical activity interventions have been attempted in this population Web based interventions can incorporate theory based components be appealing to adolescents and have potential for low cost dissemination OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the feasibility acceptability and potential efficacy of a Web based physical activity intervention for Latina adolescents in a single arm pilot trial METHODS A total of 21 Latina adolescents aged 12 18 years who could read and write in English and were underactive Under90 min week participated in a 12 week theory informed Web based physical activity intervention The intervention website was modified from a previous Web based intervention for Latina adults Web content was individually tailored based on the responses to monthly questionnaires Feasibility was measured by recruitment retention and adherence engagement and acceptability was measured by satisfaction surveys Physical activity was measured at baseline and follow up 12 weeks using the 7 day physical activity recall PAR interview and accelerometers RESULTS Baseline activity as measured by the 7 day PAR and accelerometers was 24 7 SD 26 11 and 24 8 SD 38 3 min week respectively At 12 weeks 19 participants 90 19 21 returned Adherence and engagement with materials were low but 72 15 21 of the participants indicated that they were satisfied with the intervention Activity at 12 weeks increased by 58 8 SD 11 33 min week measured by the 7 day PAR PUnder 001 Accelerometer measured activity did not increase Activities reported at follow up were more varied than at baseline including some activities measured poorly by accelerometers eg biking and swimming Participants suggested simplifying the website and incorporating other technologies CONCLUSIONS Good retention and increases in self reported activity suggest a promising approach to delivering a physical activity intervention to Latina adolescents Incorporating other technologies such as smartphone apps could make the intervention more engaging acceptable and effective