Browsing by Author "Galluzzi, Samantha"
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- ItemAPOE4 is associated with greater atrophy of the hippocampal formation in Alzheimer's disease.(2011-03-07) Pievani, Michela; Galluzzi, Samantha; Thompson, Paul M; Rasser, Paul E; Bonetti, Matteo; Frisoni, Giovanni BPrior studies reported that the hippocampal volume is smaller in Alzheimer s disease patients carrying the Apolipoprotein E 4 allele APOE4 versus patients who are non carriers of this allele This effect however has not been detected consistently possibly because of the regionally specific involvement of the hippocampal formation in Alzheimer s disease The aim of this study was to analyze the local effect of APOE4 on hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer s disease patients Using high resolution T1 weighted images we investigated 14 patients heterozygous for the 4 allele age 72 8 SD years MMSE 20 4 SD and 14 patients not carrying the 4 allele age 71 10 MMSE 20 5 SD and 28 age sex and education matched controls age 71 8 MMSE 29 1 SD The hippocampal formation was outlined with manual tracing and 3D parametric surface models were created for each subject Radial atrophy was assessed on the whole hippocampal surface using the UCLA mapping technique E4 carriers and non carriers did not differ in their level of impairment in global cognition p 0 91 Mann Whitney test or memory p 0 29 Hippocampal surface analysis showed the typical pattern of CA1 and subicular tissue atrophy in both 4 carriers and non carriers compared with controls e4 carriers pUnder0 0002 4 non carriers pUnder0 01 permutation test The left hippocampal volume was significantly smaller in 4 carriers than non carriers p 0 044 Mann Whitney test the effect of APOE4 mapping to the subicular CA1 region p 0 041 permutation test Differences were not statistically significant in the right hippocampus p 0 20 permutation test These findings show that hippocampal atrophy is greater in APOE4 carriers in regions typically affected by pathology APOE4 may affect the structural expression of Alzheimer s disease
- ItemAssociation of blood pressure and genetic background with white matter lesions in patients with mild cognitive impairment.(2008-05-30) Galluzzi, Samantha; Geroldi, Cristina; Benussi, Luisa; Ghidoni, Roberta; Testa, Cristina; Borsci, Genoveffa; Bonetti, Matteo; Manfellotto, Dario; Romanelli, Giuseppe; Zulli, Roberto; Binetti, Giuliano; Frisoni, Giovanni BBackground White matter lesions WMLs may contribute to cognitive deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment MCI but their pathogenesis is complex Fluctuations of blood pressure BP over 24 hours and genetic predisposition to develop vascular damage have been implicated Methods In 63 MCI patients 65 years old or older BP was measured both clinically and with ambulatory BP monitoring Patients were classified in two groups no very mild n 34 and mild to severe n 29 WMLs based on a visual scale on magnetic resonance mean age 71 8 4 7 vs 74 6 5 1 and female gender 53 vs 66 respectively The volume of WMLs was measured by a semi automatic method separately for periventricular caps and rim periventricular confluent subcortical punctate and subcortical confluent Polymorphisms of cystatin C CST3 and cholesterol 24 hydroxylase CYP46 genes putative risk factors for cerebrovascular disease were determined Results The prevalence of cerebrovascular risk factors was similar in the two MCI groups of different WML severity as well as clinic and ambulatory BP In patients with mild to severe but not in those with no very mild WMLs the volume of periventricular confluent WMLs increased with increasing daytime systolic BP regression coefficient 47 95 confidence interval CI 13 to 71 vs 02 95 CI 32 to 36 p 003 for the difference between slopes The volume of other WML subtypes was not associated with ambulatory BP Participants carrying both CST3 B and CYP46 T alleles were overrepresented in the MCI group with mild to severe WMLs 43 vs 17 p 03 Conclusions BP and gene putative risk factors for cerebrovascular disease are differentially associated with WMLs in two MCI groups of different WML severity WMLs might develop for the convergence of innate with acquired factors
- ItemThe effect of white matter lesions on cognition in the elderly--small but detectable.(2007-11-05) Frisoni, Giovanni B; Galluzzi, Samantha; Pantoni, Leonardo; Filippi, MassimoThe extent to which white matter changes affect brain function in elderly individuals is a matter for debate Although there is a consensus that large confluent white matter lesions WMLs can be attributed to small vessel disease and might denote anatomical damage to axons the clinical effect of WMLs with regard to cognitive impairment is less certain In this Review we argue that WMLs are associated with greater detectable progressive cognitive deterioration than is normal aging but other causes of progressive cognitive deterioration such as Alzheimer s disease are associated with greater cognitive decline than are WMLs This view has important implications for the development of drugs for the treatment and prevention of cognitive impairment and dementia
- ItemHippocampal and amygdalar volume changes in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.(2011-05-02) Prestia, Annapaola; Boccardi, Marina; Galluzzi, Samantha; Cavedo, Enrica; Adorni, Andrea; Soricelli, Andrea; Bonetti, Matteo; Geroldi, Cristina; Giannakopoulos, Panteleimon; Thompson, Paul; Frisoni, GiovanniPatients with Alzheimer s disease AD and schizophrenia display cognitive behavioural disturbances and morphological abnormalities Although these latter reflect progressive neurodegeneration in AD their significance in schizophrenia is still unclear We explored the patterns of hippocampal and amygdalar atrophy in those patients and their associations with clinical parameters Structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 20 elderly schizophrenia patients 20 AD and 19 healthy older controls Hippocampal and amygdalar volumes were obtained by manual segmentation with a standardized protocol and compared among groups In both schizophrenia and AD patients left hippocampal and amygdalar volumes were significantly smaller The hippocampus amygdala ratio was significantly lower in schizophrenia compared to both AD cases 2 4 bilaterally 95 C I 2 2 to 2 7 and healthy controls bilaterally 2 5 95 C I 2 3 to 2 9 in left and 2 7 95 C I 2 4 to 3 1 in right hemisphere In schizophrenia patients a significant positive correlation was found between age at disease onset and the right hippocampus amygdala volume ratio Spearman rho 0 56 Negative symptoms correlated with higher right left amygdala volume ratio Spearman s rho 0 43 Our data show that unlike AD the hippocampus amygdala ratio is abnormally low and correlates with the age at onset in schizophrenia being a neurodevelopmental signature of the disease
- ItemMedial temporal atrophy in early and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.(2014-06-10) Cavedo, Enrica; Pievani, Michela; Boccardi, Marina; Galluzzi, Samantha; Bocchetta, Martina; Bonetti, Matteo; Thompson, Paul M; Frisoni, Giovanni BLate onset and early onset Alzheimer s disease LOAD EOAD affect different neural systems and may be separate nosographic entities The most striking differences are in the medial temporal lobe severely affected in LOAD and relatively spared in EOAD We assessed amygdalar morphology and volume in 18 LOAD and 18 EOAD patients and 36 aged matched controls and explored their relationship with the hippocampal volume Three dimensional amygdalar shape was reconstructed with the radial atrophy mapping technique hippocampal volume was measured using a manual method Atrophy was greater in LOAD than EOAD 25 versus 17 in the amygdala and 20 versus 13 in the hippocampus In the amygdala LOAD showed significantly greater tissue loss than EOAD in the right dorsal central lateral and basolateral nuclei 20 30 loss p Under 0 03 all known to be connected to limbic regions In LOAD but not EOAD greater hippocampal atrophy was associated with amygdalar atrophy in the left dorsal central and medial nuclei r 0 6 p Under 0 05 also part of the limbic system These findings support the notion that limbic involvement is a prominent feature of LOAD but not EOAD
- ItemMild cognitive impairment with suspected nonamyloid pathology (SNAP): Prediction of progression.(2015-02-03) Caroli, Anna; Prestia, Annapaola; Galluzzi, Samantha; Ferrari, Clarissa; van der Flier, Wiesje M; Ossenkoppele, Rik; Van Berckel, Bart; Barkhof, Frederik; Teunissen, Charlotte; Wall, Anders E; Carter, Stephen F; Schöll, Michael; Choo, Il Han; Grimmer, Timo; Redolfi, Alberto; Nordberg, Agneta; Scheltens, Philip; Drzezga, Alexander; Frisoni, Giovanni B; ,The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of progressive cognitive deterioration in patients with suspected non Alzheimer disease pathology SNAP and mild cognitive impairment MCI
- ItemMultisite longitudinal reliability of tract-based spatial statistics in diffusion tensor imaging of healthy elderly subjects.(2014-09-15) Jovicich, Jorge; Marizzoni, Moira; Bosch, Beatriz; Bartrés-Faz, David; Arnold, Jennifer; Benninghoff, Jens; Wiltfang, Jens; Roccatagliata, Luca; Picco, Agnese; Nobili, Flavio; Blin, Oliver; Bombois, Stephanie; Lopes, Renaud; Bordet, Régis; Chanoine, Valérie; Ranjeva, Jean-Philippe; Didic, Mira; Gros-Dagnac, Hélène; Payoux, Pierre; Zoccatelli, Giada; Alessandrini, Franco; Beltramello, Alberto; Bargalló, Núria; Ferretti, Antonio; Caulo, Massimo; Aiello, Marco; Ragucci, Monica; Soricelli, Andrea; Salvadori, Nicola; Tarducci, Roberto; Floridi, Piero; Tsolaki, Magda; Constantinidis, Manos; Drevelegas, Antonios; Rossini, Paolo Maria; Marra, Camillo; Otto, Josephin; Reiss-Zimmermann, Martin; Hoffmann, Karl-Titus; Galluzzi, Samantha; Frisoni, Giovanni B; ,Large scale longitudinal neuroimaging studies with diffusion imaging techniques are necessary to test and validate models of white matter neurophysiological processes that change in time both in healthy and diseased brains The predictive power of such longitudinal models will always be limited by the reproducibility of repeated measures acquired during different sessions At present there is limited quantitative knowledge about the across session reproducibility of standard diffusion metrics in 3T multi centric studies on subjects in stable conditions in particular when using tract based spatial statistics and with elderly people In this study we implemented a multi site brain diffusion protocol in 10 clinical 3T MRI sites distributed across 4 countries in Europe Italy Germany France and Greece using vendor provided sequences from Siemens Allegra Trio Tim Verio Skyra Biograph mMR Philips Achieva and GE HDxt scanners We acquired DTI data 2 2 2 mm 3 b 700 s mm 2 5 b0 and 30 diffusion weighted volumes of a group of healthy stable elderly subjects 5 subjects per site in two separate sessions at least a week apart For each subject and session four scalar diffusion metrics were considered fractional anisotropy FA mean diffusivity MD radial diffusivity RD and axial AD diffusivity The diffusion metrics from multiple subjects and sessions at each site were aligned to their common white matter skeleton using tract based spatial statistics The reproducibility at each MRI site was examined by looking at group averages of absolute changes relative to the mean on various parameters i reproducibility of the signal to noise ratio SNR of the b0 images in centrum semiovale ii full brain test retest differences of the diffusion metric maps on the white matter skeleton iii reproducibility of the diffusion metrics on atlas based white matter ROIs on the white matter skeleton Despite the differences of MRI scanner configurations across sites vendors models RF coils and acquisition sequences we found good and consistent test retest reproducibility White matter b0 SNR reproducibility was on average 7 1 with no significant MRI site effects Whole brain analysis resulted in no significant test retest differences at any of the sites with any of the DTI metrics The atlas based ROI analysis showed that the mean reproducibility errors largely remained in the 2 4 range for FA and AD and 2 6 for MD and RD averaged across ROIs Our results show reproducibility values comparable to those reported in studies using a smaller number of MRI scanners slightly different DTI protocols and mostly younger populations We therefore show that the acquisition and analysis protocols used are appropriate for multi site experimental scenarios
- ItemPrescription patterns and efficacy of drugs for patients with dementia: physicians' perspective in Italy.(2007-11-16) Frisoni, Giovanni B; Canu, Elisa; Geroldi, Cristina; Brignoli, Barbara; Anglani, Livio; Galluzzi, Samantha; Zacchi, Valeria; Zanetti, OrazioThe aim of this study was to assess the prescription practices and judgment of efficacy of physicians of drugs used for the cognitive and non cognitive symptoms of dementia
- ItemThe use of biomarkers for the etiologic diagnosis of MCI in Europe: An EADC survey.(2014-08-24) Bocchetta, Martina; Galluzzi, Samantha; Kehoe, Patrick Gavin; Aguera, Eduardo; Bernabei, Roberto; Bullock, Roger; Ceccaldi, Mathieu; Dartigues, Jean-François; de Mendonça, Alexandre; Didic, Mira; Eriksdotter, Maria; Félician, Olivier; Frölich, Lutz; Gertz, Hermann-Josef; Hallikainen, Merja; Hasselbalch, Steen G; Hausner, Lucrezia; Heuser, Isabell; Jessen, Frank; Jones, Roy W; Kurz, Alexander; Lawlor, Brian; Lleo, Alberto; Martinez-Lage, Pablo; Mecocci, Patrizia; Mehrabian, Shima; Monsch, Andreas; Nobili, Flavio; Nordberg, Agneta; Olde Rikkert, Marcel; Orgogozo, Jean-Marc; Pasquier, Florence; Peters, Oliver; Salmon, Eric; Sánchez-Castellano, Carmen; Santana, Isabel; Sarazin, Marie; Traykov, Latchezar; Tsolaki, Magda; Visser, Pieter Jelle; Wallin, Asa K; Wilcock, Gordon; Wilkinson, David; Wolf, Henrike; Yener, Görsev; Zekry, Dina; Frisoni, Giovanni BWe investigated the use of Alzheimer s disease AD biomarkers in European Alzheimer s Disease Consortium centers and assessed their perceived usefulness for the etiologic diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment MCI We surveyed availability frequency of use and confidence in diagnostic usefulness of markers of brain amyloidosis amyloid positron emission tomography PET cerebrospinal fluid CSF A 42 and neurodegeneration medial temporal atrophy MTA on MR fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography FDG PET CSF tau The most frequently used biomarker is visually rated MTA 75 of the 37 responders reported using it always frequently followed by CSF markers 22 FDG PET 16 and amyloid PET 3 Only 45 of responders perceive MTA as contributing to diagnostic confidence where the contribution was rated as moderate Seventy nine percent of responders felt very extremely comfortable delivering a diagnosis of MCI due to AD when both amyloid and neuronal injury biomarkers were abnormal P Under 02 versus any individual biomarker Responders largely agreed that a combination of amyloidosis and neuronal injury biomarkers was a strongly indicative AD signature
- ItemWhite matter lesions in the elderly: pathophysiological hypothesis on the effect on brain plasticity and reserve.(2008-09-01) Galluzzi, Samantha; Lanni, Cristina; Pantoni, Leonardo; Filippi, Massimo; Frisoni, Giovanni BThe effect of white matter lesions WMLs on the brain of elderly individuals is unclear Most debate has focused on the clinical effect of WMLs on cognitive impairment Large cross sectional and longitudinal clinic and population based studies suggest that the effect of WMLs on global cognitive performance is relatively small only individuals with the most severe degrees of WMLs having clinically relevant effects Here we review recent data suggesting that WMLs might affect brain function through impairment of brain plasticity and reserve The clinical effect consists in inability of the brain to respond to interventions such as psychotropic drug medications or rehabilitative interventions