Browsing by Author "Bonetti, Matteo"
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- ItemAPOE4 is associated with greater atrophy of the hippocampal formation in Alzheimer's disease.(2011-03-07) Pievani, Michela; Galluzzi, Samantha; Thompson, Paul M; Rasser, Paul E; Bonetti, Matteo; Frisoni, Giovanni BPrior studies reported that the hippocampal volume is smaller in Alzheimer s disease patients carrying the Apolipoprotein E 4 allele APOE4 versus patients who are non carriers of this allele This effect however has not been detected consistently possibly because of the regionally specific involvement of the hippocampal formation in Alzheimer s disease The aim of this study was to analyze the local effect of APOE4 on hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer s disease patients Using high resolution T1 weighted images we investigated 14 patients heterozygous for the 4 allele age 72 8 SD years MMSE 20 4 SD and 14 patients not carrying the 4 allele age 71 10 MMSE 20 5 SD and 28 age sex and education matched controls age 71 8 MMSE 29 1 SD The hippocampal formation was outlined with manual tracing and 3D parametric surface models were created for each subject Radial atrophy was assessed on the whole hippocampal surface using the UCLA mapping technique E4 carriers and non carriers did not differ in their level of impairment in global cognition p 0 91 Mann Whitney test or memory p 0 29 Hippocampal surface analysis showed the typical pattern of CA1 and subicular tissue atrophy in both 4 carriers and non carriers compared with controls e4 carriers pUnder0 0002 4 non carriers pUnder0 01 permutation test The left hippocampal volume was significantly smaller in 4 carriers than non carriers p 0 044 Mann Whitney test the effect of APOE4 mapping to the subicular CA1 region p 0 041 permutation test Differences were not statistically significant in the right hippocampus p 0 20 permutation test These findings show that hippocampal atrophy is greater in APOE4 carriers in regions typically affected by pathology APOE4 may affect the structural expression of Alzheimer s disease
- ItemAssociation of blood pressure and genetic background with white matter lesions in patients with mild cognitive impairment.(2008-05-30) Galluzzi, Samantha; Geroldi, Cristina; Benussi, Luisa; Ghidoni, Roberta; Testa, Cristina; Borsci, Genoveffa; Bonetti, Matteo; Manfellotto, Dario; Romanelli, Giuseppe; Zulli, Roberto; Binetti, Giuliano; Frisoni, Giovanni BBackground White matter lesions WMLs may contribute to cognitive deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment MCI but their pathogenesis is complex Fluctuations of blood pressure BP over 24 hours and genetic predisposition to develop vascular damage have been implicated Methods In 63 MCI patients 65 years old or older BP was measured both clinically and with ambulatory BP monitoring Patients were classified in two groups no very mild n 34 and mild to severe n 29 WMLs based on a visual scale on magnetic resonance mean age 71 8 4 7 vs 74 6 5 1 and female gender 53 vs 66 respectively The volume of WMLs was measured by a semi automatic method separately for periventricular caps and rim periventricular confluent subcortical punctate and subcortical confluent Polymorphisms of cystatin C CST3 and cholesterol 24 hydroxylase CYP46 genes putative risk factors for cerebrovascular disease were determined Results The prevalence of cerebrovascular risk factors was similar in the two MCI groups of different WML severity as well as clinic and ambulatory BP In patients with mild to severe but not in those with no very mild WMLs the volume of periventricular confluent WMLs increased with increasing daytime systolic BP regression coefficient 47 95 confidence interval CI 13 to 71 vs 02 95 CI 32 to 36 p 003 for the difference between slopes The volume of other WML subtypes was not associated with ambulatory BP Participants carrying both CST3 B and CYP46 T alleles were overrepresented in the MCI group with mild to severe WMLs 43 vs 17 p 03 Conclusions BP and gene putative risk factors for cerebrovascular disease are differentially associated with WMLs in two MCI groups of different WML severity WMLs might develop for the convergence of innate with acquired factors
- ItemBrain perfusion correlates of medial temporal lobe atrophy and white matter hyperintensities in mild cognitive impairment.(2007-08-31) Caroli, Anna; Testa, Cristina; Geroldi, Cristina; Nobili, Flavio; Guerra, Ugo P; Bonetti, Matteo; Frisoni, Giovanni BTo assess the association of Medial Temporal lobe Atrophy MTA and White Matter Hyperintensities WMHs with gray matter perfusion in Mild Cognitive Impairment MCI
- ItemEffect of the XbaI polymorphism of estrogen receptor alpha on postmenopausal gray matter.(2008-03-24) Boccardi, Marina; Scassellati, Catia; Ghidoni, Roberta; Testa, Cristina; Benussi, Luisa; Bonetti, Matteo; Bocchio-Chiavetto, Luisella; Gennarelli, Massimo; Binetti, Giuliano; Frisoni, Giovanni BThe frequent polymorphism XbaI A351G in the estrogen receptor alpha ERalpha gene has been associated with some postmenopausal pathologies risk such as Alzheimer s disease AD or cognitive decline In the present study we explored whether the XbaI polymorphism leads to different gray matter volumes using voxel based morphometry VBM on 20 magnetic resonance images of healthy postmenopausal women Subjects carrying the less common XbaI X allele were contrasted to non carriers in groups well balanced by relevant confounding variables The XbaI X allele carriers displayed clusters ranging from 9 to 28 of tissue reductions in the cerebellar cluster size z stereotactic coordinates 16 mm 3 3 17 14 94 38 and cerebral cortex in particular in the occipital lobe 272 mm 3 3 76 38 68 16 in the middle frontal gyrus 192 mm 3 3 71 38 12 38 and in the middle temporal gyrus while the opposite comparison was negative The XbaI X allele in ERalpha gene is associated to smaller gray matter volumes of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex This allele might increase the susceptibility for senile neurodegenerative conditions being associated to smaller cerebral reserve
- ItemEffects of hormone therapy on brain morphology of healthy postmenopausal women: a Voxel-based morphometry study.(2006-08-09) Boccardi, Marina; Ghidoni, Roberta; Govoni, Stefano; Testa, Cristina; Benussi, Luisa; Bonetti, Matteo; Binetti, Giuliano; Frisoni, Giovanni BEstrogens are known to be protective in age associated cognitive changes in humans and in neurodegeneration in animal models The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects of estrogen therapy ET on human gray matter volume in vivo
- ItemHippocampal and amygdalar local structural differences in elderly patients with schizophrenia.(2014-12-16) Prestia, Annapaola; Cavedo, Enrica; Boccardi, Marina; Muscio, Cristina; Adorni, Andrea; Geroldi, Cristina; Bonetti, Matteo; Thompson, Paul M; Frisoni, Giovanni BMorphological abnormalities have been reported for the hippocampi and amygdalae in young schizophrenia patients but very little is known about the pattern of abnormalities in elderly schizophrenia patients Here we investigated local structural differences in the hippocampi and amygdalae of elderly schizophrenia patients compared with healthy elderly subjects We also related these differences to clinical symptom severity
- ItemHippocampal and amygdalar volume changes in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.(2011-05-02) Prestia, Annapaola; Boccardi, Marina; Galluzzi, Samantha; Cavedo, Enrica; Adorni, Andrea; Soricelli, Andrea; Bonetti, Matteo; Geroldi, Cristina; Giannakopoulos, Panteleimon; Thompson, Paul; Frisoni, GiovanniPatients with Alzheimer s disease AD and schizophrenia display cognitive behavioural disturbances and morphological abnormalities Although these latter reflect progressive neurodegeneration in AD their significance in schizophrenia is still unclear We explored the patterns of hippocampal and amygdalar atrophy in those patients and their associations with clinical parameters Structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 20 elderly schizophrenia patients 20 AD and 19 healthy older controls Hippocampal and amygdalar volumes were obtained by manual segmentation with a standardized protocol and compared among groups In both schizophrenia and AD patients left hippocampal and amygdalar volumes were significantly smaller The hippocampus amygdala ratio was significantly lower in schizophrenia compared to both AD cases 2 4 bilaterally 95 C I 2 2 to 2 7 and healthy controls bilaterally 2 5 95 C I 2 3 to 2 9 in left and 2 7 95 C I 2 4 to 3 1 in right hemisphere In schizophrenia patients a significant positive correlation was found between age at disease onset and the right hippocampus amygdala volume ratio Spearman rho 0 56 Negative symptoms correlated with higher right left amygdala volume ratio Spearman s rho 0 43 Our data show that unlike AD the hippocampus amygdala ratio is abnormally low and correlates with the age at onset in schizophrenia being a neurodevelopmental signature of the disease
- ItemThe in vivo topography of cortical changes in healthy aging and prodromal Alzheimer's disease.(2013-09-23) Prestia, Annapaola; Baglieri, Annalisa; Pievani, Michela; Bonetti, Matteo; Rasser, Paul E; Thompson, Paul M; Marino, Silvia; Bramanti, Placido; Frisoni, Giovanni BGray matter atrophy is regarded as a valid marker of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer s disease AD but few studies have investigated in detail the topographic changes associated with normal aging In addition few studies have compared the changes in the earliest clinical stage of AD prodromal AD pAD with those of healthy aging Here we aimed to investigate the topographical distribution of age related cortical atrophy and to compare it with that associated with prodromal and estabilished AD
- ItemMedial temporal atrophy in early and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.(2014-06-10) Cavedo, Enrica; Pievani, Michela; Boccardi, Marina; Galluzzi, Samantha; Bocchetta, Martina; Bonetti, Matteo; Thompson, Paul M; Frisoni, Giovanni BLate onset and early onset Alzheimer s disease LOAD EOAD affect different neural systems and may be separate nosographic entities The most striking differences are in the medial temporal lobe severely affected in LOAD and relatively spared in EOAD We assessed amygdalar morphology and volume in 18 LOAD and 18 EOAD patients and 36 aged matched controls and explored their relationship with the hippocampal volume Three dimensional amygdalar shape was reconstructed with the radial atrophy mapping technique hippocampal volume was measured using a manual method Atrophy was greater in LOAD than EOAD 25 versus 17 in the amygdala and 20 versus 13 in the hippocampus In the amygdala LOAD showed significantly greater tissue loss than EOAD in the right dorsal central lateral and basolateral nuclei 20 30 loss p Under 0 03 all known to be connected to limbic regions In LOAD but not EOAD greater hippocampal atrophy was associated with amygdalar atrophy in the left dorsal central and medial nuclei r 0 6 p Under 0 05 also part of the limbic system These findings support the notion that limbic involvement is a prominent feature of LOAD but not EOAD
- ItemThe topography of grey matter involvement in early and late onset Alzheimer's disease.(2007-03-09) Frisoni, Giovanni B; Pievani, Michela; Testa, Cristina; Sabattoli, Francesca; Bresciani, Lorena; Bonetti, Matteo; Beltramello, Alberto; Hayashi, Kiralee M; Toga, Arthur W; Thompson, Paul MClinical observations have suggested that the neuropsychological profile of early and late onset forms of Alzheimer s disease EOAD and LOAD differ in that neocortical functions are more affected in the former and learning in the latter suggesting that they might be different diseases The aim of this study is to assess the brain structural basis of these observations and test whether neocortical areas are more heavily affected in EOAD and medial temporal areas in LOAD Fifteen patients with EOAD and 15 with LOAD onset before and after age 65 Mini Mental State Examination 19 8 SD 4 0 and 20 7 SD 4 2 were assessed with a neuropsychological battery and high resolution MRI together with 1 1 age and sex matched controls Cortical atrophy was assessed with cortical pattern matching and hippocampal atrophy with region of interest based analysis EOAD patients performed more poorly than LOAD on visuospatial frontal executive and learning tests EOAD patients had the largest atrophy in the occipital 25 grey matter GM loss in the left and 24 in the right hemisphere and parietal lobes 23 loss on both sides while LOAD patients were remarkably atrophic in the hippocampus 21 and 22 loss Hippocampal GM loss of EOAD 9 and 16 to the left and right and occipital 12 and 14 and parietal 13 and 12 loss of LOAD patients were less marked In EOAD GM loss of 25 or more was mapped to large neocortical areas and affected all lobes with relative sparing of primary sensory motor and visual cortex and anterior cingulate and orbital cortex In LOAD GM loss was diffusely milder below 15 losses of 15 20 were confined to temporoparietal and retrosplenial cortex and reached 25 in restricted areas of the medial temporal lobe and right superior temporal gyrus These findings indicate that EOAD and LOAD differ in their typical topographic patterns of brain atrophy suggesting different predisposing or aetiological factors