Browsing by Author "Mild, Kjell Hansson"
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- ItemCase-control study of the association between malignant brain tumours diagnosed between 2007 and 2009 and mobile and cordless phone use.(2013-10-22) Hardell, Lennart; Carlberg, Michael; Söderqvist, Fredrik; Mild, Kjell HanssonPrevious studies have shown a consistent association between long term use of mobile and cordless phones and glioma and acoustic neuroma but not for meningioma When used these phones emit radiofrequency electromagnetic fields RF EMFs and the brain is the main target organ for the handheld phone The International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC classified in May 2011 RF EMF as a group 2B i e a possible human carcinogen The aim of this study was to further explore the relationship between especially long term 10 years use of wireless phones and the development of malignant brain tumours We conducted a new case control study of brain tumour cases of both genders aged 18 75 years and diagnosed during 2007 2009 One population based control matched on gender and age within 5 years was used to each case Here we report on malignant cases including all available controls Exposures on e g use of mobile phones and cordless phones were assessed by a self administered questionnaire Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for age gender year of diagnosis and socio economic index using the whole control sample Of the cases with a malignant brain tumour 87 n 593 participated and 85 n 1 368 of controls in the whole study answered the questionnaire The odds ratio OR for mobile phone use of the analogue type was 1 8 95 confidence interval CI 1 04 3 3 increasing with 25 years of latency time since first exposure to an OR 3 3 95 CI 1 6 6 9 Digital 2G mobile phone use rendered an OR 1 6 95 CI 0 996 2 7 increasing with latency 15 20 years to an OR 2 1 95 CI 1 2 3 6 The results for cordless phone use were OR 1 7 95 CI 1 1 2 9 and for latency of 15 20 years the OR 2 1 95 CI 1 2 3 8 Few participants had used a cordless phone for 20 25 years Digital type of wireless phones 2G and 3G mobile phones cordless phones gave increased risk with latency 1 5 years then a lower risk in the following latency groups but again increasing risk with latency 15 20 years Ipsilateral use resulted in a higher risk than contralateral mobile and cordless phone use Higher ORs were calculated for tumours in the temporal and overlapping lobes Using the meningioma cases in the same study as reference entity gave somewhat higher ORs indicating that the results were unlikely to be explained by recall or observational bias This study confirmed previous results of an association between mobile and cordless phone use and malignant brain tumours These findings provide support for the hypothesis that RF EMFs play a role both in the initiation and promotion stages of carcinogenesis
- ItemCase-control study of the association between the use of cellular and cordless telephones and malignant brain tumors diagnosed during 2000-2003.(2006-01-30) Hardell, Lennart; Carlberg, Michael; Mild, Kjell HanssonWe performed a case control study on the use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for brain tumors diagnosed during 2000 2003 We report the results for malignant brain tumors with data from 317 cases 88 and 692 controls 84 The use of analog cellular phones yielded odds ratio OR of 2 6 and a 95 confidence interval CI of 1 5 4 3 increasing to OR 3 5 and 95 CI 2 0 6 4 with a 10 year latency period Regarding digital cellular telephones the corresponding results were OR 1 9 95 CI 1 3 2 7 and OR 3 6 95 CI 1 7 7 5 respectively Cordless telephones yielded OR 2 1 95 CI 1 4 3 0 and with a 10 year latency period OR 2 9 95 CI 1 6 5 2 The OR increased with the cumulative number of hours of use and was highest for high grade astrocytoma A somewhat increased risk was also found for low grade astrocytoma and other types of malignant brain tumors although not significantly so In multivariate analysis all three phone types studied showed an increased risk
- ItemCellular and cordless telephones and basal cell carcinoma: a case report.(2004-03-02) Hardell, Lennart; Mild, Kjell Hansson; Johansson, BengtDuring a 1 yr period a 50 yr old man had developed 6 basal cell skin cancer lesions on his scalp and face 5 of which were localized on the right side of his head The man had used an analog cellular telephone during 1987 1992 after 1992 he used a digital cellular telephone In addition he had used a cordless telephone since 1997 He always placed a phone on his right ear during phone calls The right side of this individual s head contained 5 of the 6 tumors that eventually developed
- ItemExposure to wireless phone emissions and serum beta-trace protein.(2010-07-02) Hardell, Lennart; Söderqvist, Fredrik; Carlberg, Michael; Zetterberg, Henrik; Mild, Kjell HanssonThe lipocalin type of prostaglandin D synthase or beta trace protein is synthesized in the choroid plexus lepto meninges and oligodendrocytes of the central nervous system and is secreted into the cerebrospinal fluid beta trace protein is the key enzyme in the synthesis of prostaglandin D2 an endogenous sleep promoting neurohormone in the brain Electromagnetic fields EMF in the radio frequency RF range have in some studies been associated with disturbed sleep We studied the concentration of beta trace protein in blood in relation to emissions from wireless phones This study included 62 persons aged 18 30 years The concentration of beta trace protein decreased with increasing number of years of use of a wireless phone yielding a negative beta coefficient 0 32 95 confidence interval 0 60 to 0 04 Also cumulative use in hours gave a negative beta coefficient although not statistically significant Of the 62 persons 40 participated in an experimental study with 30 min exposure to an 890 MHz GSM signal No statistically significant change of beta trace protein was found In a similar study of the remaining 22 participitants with no exposure beta trace protein increased significantly over time probably due to a relaxed situation EMF emissions may down regulate the synthesis of beta trace protein This mechanism might be involved in sleep disturbances reported in persons exposed to RF fields The results must be interpreted with caution since use of mobile and cordless phones were self reported Awareness of exposure condition in the experimental study may have influenced beta trace protein concentrations
- ItemFurther aspects on cellular and cordless telephones and brain tumours.(2003-01-15) Hardell, Lennart; Mild, Kjell Hansson; Carlberg, MichaelWe included in a case control study on brain tumours and mobile and cordless telephones 1 617 patients aged 20 80 years of both sexes diagnosed during January 1 1997 to June 30 2000 They were alive at the study time and had histopathology verified brain tumour One matched control to each case was selected from the Swedish Population Register The study area was the Uppsala Orebro Stockholm Link ping and G teborg medical regions of Sweden Exposure was assessed by a questionnaire that was answered by 1 429 88 cases and 1 470 91 controls In total use of analogue cellular telephones gave an increased risk with odds ratio OR 1 3 95 confidence interval CI 1 04 1 6 whereas digital and cordless phones did not overall increase the risk significantly Ipsilateral use of analogue phones gave OR 1 7 95 CI 1 2 2 3 digital phones OR 1 3 95 CI 1 02 1 8 and cordless phones OR 1 2 95 CI 0 9 1 6 The risk for ipsilateral use was significantly increased for astrocytoma for all studied phone types analogue phones OR 1 8 95 CI 1 1 3 2 digital phones OR 1 8 95 CI 1 1 2 8 cordless phones OR 1 8 95 CI 1 1 2 9 Use of a telephone on the opposite side of the brain was not associated with a significantly increased risk for brain tumours Regarding anatomical area of the tumour and exposure to microwaves the risk was increased for tumours located in the temporal area on the same side of the brain that was used during phone calls significantly so for analogue cellular telephones OR 2 3 95 CI 1 2 4 1 For acoustic neurinoma OR 4 4 95 CI 2 1 9 2 was calculated among analogue cellular telephone users When duration of use was analysed as a continuous variable in the total material the risk increased per year for analogue phones with OR 1 04 95 CI 1 01 1 08 For astrocytoma and ipsilateral use the trend was for analogue phones OR 1 10 95 CI 1 02 1 19 digital phones OR 1 11 95 CI 1 01 1 22 and cordless phones OR 1 09 95 CI 1 01 1 19 There was a tendency of a shorter tumour induction period for ipsilateral exposure to microwaves than for contralateral which may indicate a tumour promotor effect
- ItemLong-term use of cellular phones and brain tumours: increased risk associated with use for > or =10 years.(2007-08-20) Hardell, Lennart; Carlberg, Michael; Söderqvist, Fredrik; Mild, Kjell Hansson; Morgan, L LloydTo evaluate brain tumour risk among long term users of cellular telephones
- ItemMobile phone use and acoustic neuromas.(2005-04-12) Hardell, Lennart; Mild, Kjell Hansson
- ItemMobile phone use and risk of glioma in adults: results are difficult to interpret because of limitations.(2006-04-28) Hardell, Lennart; Mild, Kjell Hansson
- ItemPooled analysis of case-control studies on acoustic neuroma diagnosed 1997-2003 and 2007-2009 and use of mobile and cordless phones.(2013-08-14) Hardell, Lennart; Carlberg, Michael; Söderqvist, Fredrik; Mild, Kjell HanssonWe previously conducted a case control study of acoustic neuroma Subjects of both genders aged 20 80 years diagnosed during 1997 2003 in parts of Sweden were included and the results were published We have since made a further study for the time period 2007 2009 including both men and women aged 18 75 years selected from throughout the country These new results for acoustic neuroma have not been published to date Similar methods were used for both study periods In each one population based control matched on gender and age within five years was identified from the Swedish Population Registry Exposures were assessed by a self administered questionnaire supplemented by a phone interview Since the number of acoustic neuroma cases in the new study was low we now present pooled results from both study periods based on 316 participating cases and 3 530 controls Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for age gender year of diagnosis and socio economic index SEI Use of mobile phones of the analogue type gave odds ratio OR 2 9 95 confidence interval CI 2 0 4 3 increasing with 20 years latency time since first exposure to OR 7 7 95 CI 2 8 21 Digital 2G mobile phone use gave OR 1 5 95 CI 1 1 2 1 increasing with latency 15 years to an OR 1 8 95 CI 0 8 4 2 The results for cordless phone use were OR 1 5 95 CI 1 1 2 1 and for latency of 20 years OR 6 5 95 CI 1 7 26 Digital type wireless phones 2G and 3G mobile phones and cordless phones gave OR 1 5 95 CI 1 1 2 0 increasing to OR 8 1 95 CI 2 0 32 with latency 20 years For total wireless phone use the highest risk was calculated for the longest latency time 20 years OR 4 4 95 CI 2 2 9 0 Several of the calculations in the long latency category were based on low numbers of exposed cases Ipsilateral use resulted in a higher risk than contralateral for both mobile and cordless phones OR increased per 100 h cumulative use and per year of latency for mobile phones and cordless phones though the increase was not statistically significant for cordless phones The percentage tumour volume increased per year of latency and per 100 h of cumulative use statistically significant for analogue phones This study confirmed previous results demonstrating an association between mobile and cordless phone use and acoustic neuroma
- ItemPooled analysis of two Swedish case-control studies on the use of mobile and cordless telephones and the risk of brain tumours diagnosed during 1997-2003.(2007-03-16) Mild, Kjell Hansson; Hardell, Lennart; Carlberg, MichaelHere we present the pooled analysis of 2 case control studies on the association of brain tumours with mobile phone use Use of analogue cellular phones increased the risk for acoustic neuroma by 5 95 confidence interval CI 2 9 per 100 hrs of use The risk increased for astrocytoma grade III IV with latency period with highest estimates using 10 year time period from first use of these phone types The risk increased per one year of use of analogue phones by 10 95 CI 6 14 digital phones by 11 95 CI 6 16 and cordless phones by 8 95 CI 5 12 For all studied phone types OR for brain tumours mainly acoustic neuroma and malignant brain tumours increased with latency period especially for astrocytoma grade III IV
- ItemRadiofrequency fields, transthyretin, and Alzheimer's disease.(2010-05-27) Söderqvist, Fredrik; Hardell, Lennart; Carlberg, Michael; Mild, Kjell HanssonRadiofrequency field RF exposure provided cognitive benefits in an animal study In Alzheimer s disease AD mice exposure reduced brain amyloid beta Abeta deposition through decreased aggregation of Abeta and increase in soluble Abeta levels Based on our studies on humans on RF from wireless phones we propose that transthyretin TTR might explain the findings In a cross sectional study on 313 subjects we used serum TTR as a marker of cerebrospinal fluid TTR We found a statistically significantly positive beta coefficient for TTR for time since first use of mobile phones and desktop cordless phones combined P 0 03 The electromagnetic field parameters were similar for the phone types In a provocation study on 41 persons exposed for 30 min to an 890 MHz GSM signal with specific absorption rate of 1 0 Watt kg to the temporal area of the brain we found statistically significantly increased serum TTR 60 min after exposure In our cross sectional study use of oral snuff also yielded statistically significantly increased serum TTR concentrations and nicotine has been associated with decreased risk for AD and to upregulate the TTR gene in choroid plexus but not in the liver another source of serum TTR TTR sequesters Abeta thereby preventing the formation of Abeta plaques in the brain Studies have shown that patients with AD have lowered TTR concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid and have attributed the onset of AD to insufficient sequestering of Abeta by TTR We propose that TTR might be involved in the findings of RF exposure benefit in AD mice
- ItemRe: "cellular telephone use and risk of acoustic neuroma".(2004-10-21) Hardell, Lennart; Mild, Kjell Hansson
- ItemRe: "Long-term mobile phone use and brain tumor risk".(2005-09-01) Hardell, Lennart; Mild, Kjell Hansson; Kundi, Michael
- ItemRe: Time trends in brain tumor incidence rates in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, 1974-2003.(2010-05-20) Hardell, Lennart; Carlberg, Michael; Söderqvist, Fredrik; Mild, Kjell Hansson
- ItemTumour risk associated with use of cellular telephones or cordless desktop telephones.(2006-10-24) Hardell, Lennart; Mild, Kjell Hansson; Carlberg, Michael; Söderqvist, FredrikBACKGROUND The use of cellular and cordless telephones has increased dramatically during the last decade There is concern of health problems such as malignant diseases due to microwave exposure during the use of these devices The brain is the main target organ METHODS Since the second part of the 1990 s we have performed six case control studies on this topic encompassing use of both cellular and cordless phones as well as other exposures Three of the studies concerned brain tumours one salivary gland tumours one non Hodgkin lymphoma NHL and one testicular cancer Exposure was assessed by self administered questionnaires RESULTS Regarding acoustic neuroma analogue cellular phones yielded odds ratio OR 2 9 95 confidence interval CI 2 0 4 3 digital cellular phones OR 1 5 95 CI 1 1 2 1 and cordless phones OR 1 5 95 CI 1 04 2 0 The corresponding results were for astrocytoma grade III IV OR 1 7 95 CI 1 3 2 3 OR 1 5 95 CI 1 2 1 9 and OR 1 5 95 CI 1 1 1 9 respectively The ORs increased with latency period with highest estimates using 10 years time period from first use of these phone types Lower ORs were calculated for astrocytoma grade I II No association was found with salivary gland tumours NHL or testicular cancer although an association with NHL of T cell type could not be ruled out CONCLUSION We found for all studied phone types an increased risk for brain tumours mainly acoustic neuroma and malignant brain tumours OR increased with latency period especially for astrocytoma grade III IV No consistent pattern of an increased risk was found for salivary gland tumours NHL or testicular cancer
- ItemUse of cellular or cordless telephones and the risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.(2005-10-26) Hardell, Lennart; Eriksson, Mikael; Carlberg, Michael; Sundström, Christer; Mild, Kjell HanssonTo evaluate the use of cellular and cordless telephones as the risk factor for non Hodgkin s lymphoma NHL